This paper assesses the stance of monetary policy in eleven Sub-Saharan African (SSA) emerging and frontier market economies. We estimate neutral real interest rates using a range of methodologies, ...

This paper proposes a “quasi-agnostic” sign restriction procedure to identify structural shocks in frequentist structural vector autoregression (SVAR) models. It argues that low acceptance rates, ...

This paper documents five empirical facts about the role of strategic complementarities in firms’ price-setting behavior, using administrative data from Chilean firms. (1) Strategic complementarities ...

The Canadian economy has navigated the pandemic well and achieved a soft landing but rising trade tensions pose significant challenges. Amid sharp monetary tightening to control high levels of ...

Notes: These representative exchange rates, which are reported to the Fund by the issuing central bank, are expressed in terms of currency units per U.S. dollar, except for those indicated by (1) ...

The currency value of the SDR is determined by summing the values in U.S. dollars, based on market exchange rates, of a basket of major currencies (the U.S. dollar, Euro, Japanese yen, pound sterling ...

The COVID-19 pandemic has taken a turn for the worse in some parts of the world, and the global economy is projected to grow by 5.9 percent in 2021 and by 4.9 percent in 2022 (0.1 percentage point ...

Exchange Rate Query Tool - This query tool allows the user to retrieve exchange rates data from the IMF rates database, and view, print, or save the data.

This paper examines financial interconnectedness in Asia, particularly through Singapore, and the link between trade and financial flows. It finds that Asia's financial integration lags behind its ...

Safeguards Assessments, which apply to all member countries with arrangements for use of IMF resources approved after June 30, 2000, aim to provide reasonable assurance to the IMF that a central ...

This report presents the findings and recommendations from the 2025 assessment of Botswana’s public sector debt statistics (PSDS) in relation to the IMF’s Data Quality Assessment Framework (DQAF) for ...

The last Article IV Executive Board Consultation was on January 27, 2025. Listed below are items related to South Africa.